The story of Manna falling from Heaven is found in the Book of Exodus, within the Old Testament. This event occurs after the Israelites have been freed from slavery in Egypt, under the leadership of Moses. They find themselves in the wilderness, facing scarcity of food, which leads them to lament their departure from Egypt. In response to their distress and as a testament to His provision, God promises to rain down bread from heaven for them.
In Exodus 16, God instructs Moses to tell the Israelites that they will receive manna each morning, sufficient for the day's needs, with a double portion to be gathered on the sixth day to cover the Sabbath, on which no manna would fall. The manna is described as a fine, flake-like thing, fine as the frost on the ground, which the Israelites had to collect each morning. They were instructed to gather an omer per person, and any attempt to hoard it would result in it becoming spoiled, except for the double portion gathered the day before the Sabbath, which would miraculously remain fresh.
This provision of manna is not only a physical sustenance for the Israelites but also serves as a test of their obedience and trust in God's commands. It continues throughout their 40-year journey in the wilderness, ceasing only when they reach the borders of Canaan, the Promised Land, where they could eat of the produce of the land.
Jesus refers to manna in the New Testament, specifically in the Gospel of John, chapter 6. After feeding the 5,000, Jesus addresses the crowd's continued search for Him, not because of the signs He performed, but because they ate the loaves and were filled. Jesus then teaches them to seek the food which endures to everlasting life, which He would give them. The crowd recalls the manna their ancestors ate in the wilderness as a sign from God, to which Jesus responds, "Verily, verily, I say unto you, Moses gave you not that bread from heaven; but my Father giveth you the true bread from heaven. For the bread of God is he which cometh down from heaven, and giveth life unto the world" (John 6:32-33). Jesus then declares Himself as "the bread of life," drawing a parallel between the manna given to the Israelites and His own role as spiritual sustenance and the source of eternal life for humanity.